• A Beginner’s Guide To Reading Sheet Music (and Sight-Reading!)

    in Piano

    reading sheet music

    Many musicians who play by ear dream of being able to read music. There are countless pieces of complex music, especially in classical music that are fairly difficult to play by ear. Knowing how to read music opens the doors for being able to play anything you want as long as you can find the sheet music. Reading music is also an excellent brain exercise.

    So, with all these great things that come with learning how to read music, what are we waiting for? Let’s jump right into the basics. We will begin with a basic understanding of how to read the notes on a sheet of music.

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    1. The Grand Staff. Music is notated on what we call the grand staff. Each note written on the grand staff tells us exactly which key to play. As shown below, the Grand Staff consists of a treble clef and bass clef. The treble clef is played with your right hand, and the bass clef is played with your left hand.

    FullStaffF

    1. Locating Middle C and Reading Notes. Middle C is our anchor of note reading. Many beginner pieces will begin on Middle C.

    Here is what Middle C looks like on the staff in sheet music.

    C

    Here is Middle C on the keyboard. It is the fourth C from the left. You can find the first C by counting three notes in from the left side of a full, 88 key keyboard.

    MiddleCKey

     

    A step above Middle C is D. There is no line through D.

    D copy

    The note above D is E. E is on the first line of the treble clef staff.

    E copy

    The notes C, D, and E are all we will be playing today.

     

    1. Time Signature. The time signature looks like two numbers stacked on top of each other and will be right next to the clef signs, like this:

    timesig

    The top number will indicate how you will count and keep your rhythm throughout the piece. For example, if we have 4/4, it means that you will count 1,2,3,4, 1,2,3,4, etc. If we have 3/4, you will count, 1,2,3,1,2,3, etc. The bottom number will tell you which note value gets one count/beat. You won’t see that number changing much with beginner level music.

     

    1. Note Values. Today, there are only four different note values that we will focus on. A note value indicates how long you hold the note.

    Note Values
    The first note value we will look at is the quarter note. The quarter note is held for one beat.

    Next, we have the half note. The half note is held for two beats.

    Then, we have the dotted half note. The dotted half note is held for three beats.

    Lastly, we have the whole note. A whole note is held for 4 beats.

     

    1. Understanding Rhythm. To make sure you have a solid understanding of note values, let us practice with a couple rhythmic patterns.

    Rhythm 21. Let’s clap this rhythm while counting out loud. Remember the quarter notes get one count, half notes get two counts, and the whole note gets four counts. We will count 1,2,3,4 and start again from 1.

    Rhythm 1

    2. Now try clapping through this piece. Notice the 3/4 time signature. We will count 1,2,3,1,2,3, etc.

    Once you have mastered these, go ahead and print our sample sheet music here, and place on your music stand to prepare to actually play the pieces that we clapped.

    Step 1: Locate time signature. Now we know how to count for this piece. (1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4, etc.)

    Step 2: Find the first note and briefly study the pattern.

    -The piece begins on Middle C and repeats three times.
    -The next note is one step up to D, which is repeated five times. D is the key to the right of Middle C.
    -It goes back down to C and repeats three more times.

    Step 3: Study and clap through the rhythmic pattern, just as we did earlier.

    Step 4: Figure out hand placement. In the beginning, most pieces like this one begin with your thumb on Middle C. Since this music is written in treble clef, we will place our right hand thumb on Middle C. Your second or index finger will land on D, and your third finger on E. The left hand is resting.

    Step 5: Take a deep breath and prepare to play through this piece SLOWLY. Begin by counting and playing, making sure to hold each note value for its appropriate duration.

    Step 6: After reading through the piece once, go ahead and play through it one more time.

    Step 7: Repeat this process with the next piece, noticing the change in time signature (hint: count in threes) and a new note right next to D, E.

     
    ACTION STEPS

    Information is useless without action, so here’s what to do right now:

    1. Sign up below to unlock and download my simple compositions.
    2. Download my simple compositions here to practice using this system.
    1. Despite the possible initial difficulty with reading music, think about what you’ll be able to sight-read if you keep practicing. Also, don’t forget that in the end, it’s all about finding your voice through the music and having fun.

    Enjoy!

    2016-02-10

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    Onyemachi "Onye" Chuku is a Nigerian musicologist, pianist, and author. Inspired by his role model (Jermaine Griggs) who has become his mentor, what he started off as teaching musicians in his Aba-Nigeria neighborhood in April 2005 eventually morphed into an international career that has helped hundreds of thousands of musicians all around the world. Onye lives in Dubai and is currently the Head of Education at HearandPlay Music Group and the music consultant of the Gospel Music Training Center, all in California, USA.




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